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Cambridgeshire History




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Themes Explorers and Adventurers Nobel Prize Winners
Actors/Actresses and Directors Famous People Places of Interest
Anglo-Saxons and Danes Historic Events Prime Ministers
Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty Inventors and Scientists Royal Consorts and Heirs
Artists and Architects Monarchs World Heritage Sites
Composers National Parks Writers and Poets

Cambridgeshire

Cambridgeshire lies in eastern England. In 1974 the ancient county of Huntingdonshire was incorporated into the county as was the Isle of Ely and the Soke of Peterborough, an area formerly part of Northamptonshire.



 Towns include the county seat of Cambridge.

Artists and Architects
The landscape gardener Capability Brown was buried at Fenstanton in 1783.

 Capability Brown

Famous People
Oliver Cromwell was born in Huntingdon in 1599.

 Oliver Cromwell
Oliver Cromwell



 The economist John Maynard Keynes was born in Cambridge in 1883.

 John Maynard Keynes
Time Magazine: The Time 100



 Born in Vienna in 1889, the philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein died in Cambridge in 1951. He first stayed there in 1911 returning to settle in the university town in 1929 and becoming a British citizen in 1939. He is buried in the town.

 Time Magazine: The Time 100

What is your aim in philosophy?
To show the fly the way out of the fly-bottle.
Philosophische Untersuchungen (1953)

Nobel Prize Winners

Chemistry
The physical chemist Ronald G.W. Norrish was born in Cambridge in 1897 and died there in 1978. In 1967 he shared the Nobel Prize for Chemistry with Sir George Porter and the German Manfred Eigen for their development of the flash photolysis technique.



 The New Zealand-born pioneer nuclear physicist Ernest Rutherford died in Cambridge in 1937. In 1908 he had been awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry. His ashes were interred at Westminster Abbey.

 Ernest Rutherford
Famous people buried at Westminster Abbey



The physicist Francis Aston died in Cambridge in 1945. In 1922 he had been awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his invention of the mass spectograph.



 The chemist Sir Harold W. Kroto was born as Harold Krotoschiner in Wisbech in 1939. In 1996 he shared the Nobel Prize for Chemistry with the Americans Robert F. Curl junior and Richard E. Smalley.

 Sir Harold W. Kroto



 The chemist Sir Alexander Todd died in Cambridge in 1997. In 1957 he had been awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry.

 Sir Alexander Todd



 In 1997 the molecular biologist Sir John C. Kendrew also died in Cambridge. In 1962 he had shared the Nobel Prize for Chemistry with his colleague the Austrian-born Max Perutz who had emigrated to England in 1936 and become a British citizen.

 Sir John C. Kendrew

Economics
The economist James Meade died in Cambridge in 1995. In 1977 he had shared the Nobel Prize for Economics with the Swedish scientist Bertil Ohlin.

 James Meade



 The economist Sir Richard Stone died in Cambridge in 1991. In 1984 he had been awarded the Nobel Prize for Economics.

Physics
The physicist Sir George Paget Thomson was born in Cambridge in 1892. In 1937 he shared the Nobel Prize for Physics with the American Clinton Davisson for their discovery of electron diffraction by crystals. The son of the Nobel Prize Winner Sir J.J. Thomson, he died in Cambridge in 1975. The Thomsons were one of only 5 fathers and sons to have received the award.

 Sir George Paget Thomson The Thomson Family



 His father and one of the pioneers of nuclear physics, the physicist Sir J.J. Thomson died in Cambridge in 1940. His ashes were interred at Westminster Abbey. In 1906 he had been awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics for his revolutionary discovery of the electron. The Thomsons were one of only 5 fathers and sons to have received the award.

Sir J.J. Thomson Sir J.J. Thomson The Thomson Family
 Famous people buried at Westminster Abbey



The physicist Sir John Cockcroft died in Cambridge in 1967. In 1951 he had shared the Nobel Prize for Physics with the Irishman E.T.S. Walton for their study of alpha particles.

Sir John Cockcroft



 The physicist Sir James Chadwick died in Cambridge in 1974. In 1935 he had been awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics for his discovery of the neutron.

Sir James Chadwick



 The physicist and radio astronomer Sir Martin Ryle died in Cambridge in 1984. In 1974 he had shared the Nobel Prize for Physics with Antony Hewish for their research in radio astrophysics.


Physiology or Medicine
The biochemist Sir Frederick Hopkins died in Cambridge in 1947. In 1929 he had shared the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine with the Dutch scientist Christiaan Eijkman for his research into vitamins. He was father-in-law to the writer J.B. Priestley.



 The physiologist Sir Henry Dale died in Cambridge in 1968. In 1936 he had shared the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine with the German Otto Loewi for research into nerve impulses.

 Sir Henry Dale



 The physiologist A.V. Hill died in Cambridge in 1977. In 1922 he had shared the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine with the German Otto Meyerhof for his research into heat production in muscles.

A.V. Hill



 In 1977 the physiologist Edgar D. Adrian also died in Cambridge. In 1932 he had shared the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine with Sir Charles Sherrington for their research into neurons.

Edgar D. Adrian



 The physiologist Sir Alan Lloyd Hodgkin died in Cambridge in 1998. In 1963 he had shared the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine with Sir Andrew Huxley and the Australian Sir John Eccles for their research into nerve membranes.

 Sir Alan Lloyd Hodgkin


Places of Interest

Cathedrals and Abbeys
Ely Cathedral

 Ely Cathedral in 1796 Ely Cathedral in 1797
 Ely Cathedral in 1926
 Ely Cathedral

Universities
Cambridge University is England's second oldest after Oxford. Peterhouse College opened in 1284.


Writers and Poets
The poet William Whitehead was born in 1715 in Cambridge. He was appointed Poet Laureate in 1757, succeeding Colley Cibber. On Whitehead's death in 1785 Thomas Warton was awarded the post.

 William Whitehead
The poet laureates



 The philosopher and writer William Godwin was born at Wisbech in 1756. He was married to the writer Mary Wollstonecraft and their daughter was Mary Shelley.

 William Godwin


Love of our country is another of those specious illusions, which have been invented by impostors in order to render the multitude the blind instruments of their crooked designs.
An Enquiry concerning the Principles of Political Justice (1793)

It is a most mistaken way of teaching men to feel they are brothers, by imbuing their mind with perpetual hatred.
An Enquiry concerning the Principles of Political Justice (1793)

What can be more shameless than for society to make an example of those whom she has goaded to the breach of order, instead of amending her own institutions which, by straining order into tyranny, produced the mischief?
An Enquiry concerning the Principles of Political Justice (1793)



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